Chapter 16-17 journals

NEW CHAPTERChapter 16 Journal 1
1. Please describe the structure of a nucleotide
2. What kind of polymers do nucleotide monomers make that are composed of thymine?

Chapter 16 Journal 2
1) Be able to verbally explain what a bacteriophage is and why it was it a good choice to use based on what Hershey and Chase were trying to prove...will watch animation to summarize.
2) Be able to verbally explain Meselson and Stahl’s experiment and what it proved…will watch animation to summarize.

Chapter 16 Journal 3
1) Explain some patterns you tend to notice when DNA replicates…example…if the top strand is leading the bottom is lagging…
2) Which enzyme would you classify as the most important enzyme involved in DNA replication and why?

Chapter 16-17 Journal 4

1) Read the opening paragraph on page 314…what does it mean to say…redundancy but no ambiguity?
2) Compare and contrast RNA Polymerase II and DNA polymerase III…read top paragraph on page 315
3) What is a transcription initiation complex…use image 17.8 to help…




Chapter 16-17 Journal 5
1) If you wanted to code for the following amino acids sequence, draw out what your DNA template strand would look like:
Met-Lys-Arg-Ser
Keep in mind:
• you read your DNA template strand 3’5’
• you read the RNA to code for the AA NOT the DNA
• You read RNA 5’3’ to code for AA’s




Ch 16-17 Journal 6
1. RNA polymerase moves along the template strand of DNA in the ________ direction, and adds nucleotides to the ________ end of the growing transcript. A) 3' to 5'; 5' B) 3' to 5'; 3' C) 5' to 3'; 5' D) 5' to 3'; 3'
2. During splicing, which molecular component of the spliceosome starts the excision(cutting) reaction? A) RNA B) DNA C) protein D) lipid E) sugar





Ch 16-17 Journal 7
1. Please list the 3 steps of translation
2. Please list the 3 steps within elongation of translation and explain BRIEFLY what happens in each step!


Ch 16-17 Journal 8
Each of the following is a modification of the sentence
THE CAT ATE THE RAT.
A. THE RAT ATE THE CAT B. THE TAC ATE THE RAT C. THE CAT ARE THE RAT D. THE CAT ATT HER AT E. CAT ATE THE RAT
1. Which of the above is analogous to a frameshift mutation?
2. Which of the above is analogous to a single substitution mutation?
3. A frameshift mutation could result from A) a base insertion only. B) a base deletion only. C) a base substitution only. D) deletion of three consecutive bases. E) either an insertion or a deletion of a base

4.Explain a silent mutation!




5.A biochemist isolates and purifies various molecules/enzymes needed for DNA replication. When she adds some DNA, replication occurs, but each DNA consists of a normal DNA strand paired with numerous segments of DNA. What has she probably left out of the mixture? A) DNA polymerase B) DNA ligase C) nucleotides D) Okazaki fragments E) primase

Ch 16-17 Journal 9 Only period 6 will have journal 9
Journals will be collected next class! Make sure they are organized!
1. What type of bonding is responsible for maintaining the shape of the tRNA molecule that causes it to fold among itself making that “clover” looking shape? A) covalent bonding between sulfur atoms B) ionic bonding between phosphates C) hydrogen bonding between base pairs D) van der Waals interactions between hydrogen atoms E) peptide bonding between amino acids
2. Choose the answer that has these events of protein synthesis in the proper sequence.

1. An aminoacyl-tRNA binds to the A site. 2. A peptide bond forms between the new amino acid and a polypeptide chain. 3. tRNA leaves the P site, and the P site remains vacant. 4. A small ribosomal subunit binds with mRNA. 5. tRNA translocates to the P site.
3. A) 1, 3, 2, 4, 5 B) 4, 1, 2, 5, 3 C) 5, 4, 3, 2, 1 D) 4, 1, 3, 2, 5 E) 2, 4, 5, 1, 3
4. Suppose the following DNA sequence was mutated from 3' AGAGAGAGAGAGAGAGAG 5' to 3' AGAAGAGAGATCGAGAGA 5'. What amino acid sequence will be generated based on this mutated DNA? A) arg-glu-arg-glu-arg-glu B) glu-arg-glu-leu-leu-leu C) ser-leu-ser-leu-ser-leu D) ser-ser-leu E) leu-phe-arg-glu-glu-glu

4) A mutant bacterial cell has a defective aminoacyl synthetase that attaches a lysine to tRNAs with the anticodon AAA instead of a phenylalanine. The consequence of this for the cell will be that A) none of the proteins in the cell will contain phenylalanine. B) proteins in the cell will include lysine instead of phenylalanine at amino acid positions specified by the codon UUU. C) the cell will compensate for the defect by attaching phenylalanine to tRNAs with lysine-specifying anticodons. D) the ribosome will skip a codon every time a UUU is encountered. E) None of the above will occur; the cell will recognize the error and destroy the tRNA.